Merchant education

Interchange rates, explained

Every card payment carries an interchange fee set by the card networks. How your processor packages it — Interchange‑Plus or Blended (flat) — decides how much of your margin you keep.

2×/yrNetworks update interchange
300+Visa & MC categories
0.2–3.3%Typical interchange range

Where a $100 card sale goes

Typical all-in card cost on a $100 sale
2.9% total card cost Card processing 2.9% You keep 97.1%
Interactive

Interchange-Plus vs Blended: your savings

Enter your numbers to estimate what each pricing model costs per month. Assumptions are transparent and fully editable under “Advanced”.

Savings calculator

Estimate only — your true blended-vs-plus gap depends on your exact card mix.

$
$
Transactions / month833
Blended (flat) cost$1,450
Interchange-Plus cost$1,145
Estimated monthly saving with Interchange-Plus
$305
≈ $3,660 / year
Blended$1,450
Interchange-Plus$1,145
Effective — Blended: 2.90% Plus: 2.29%

Defaults present blended as a flat 2.90% versus Interchange-Plus at about 2.29% (interchange + assessments + a fixed 0.35% markup) for the US. Many flat-rate processors also add a fixed per-transaction fee (e.g. $0.30) — add that under “Advanced” to model your exact setup. Interchange-Plus is only ever as good as the interchange beneath it, so on regulated debit or EU/UK consumer cards the gap is larger than on premium rewards credit.

The core difference

Two ways to price the same transaction

The wholesale cost — interchange plus network assessments — is identical no matter who processes your payment. What changes is whether your provider shows it to you or hides it inside one flat number.

Interchange-Plus Transparent

You pay the exact interchange & assessments set by the networks, plus a fixed, disclosed markup that goes to your processor.

Interchange + Assessments + Fixed markup (e.g. 0.35% + $0.08)
  • You see the true cost of every card, line by line
  • Your rate drops automatically on cheaper cards (debit, regulated)
  • The processor margin is fixed and auditable
  • Best value as volume grows
  • Statements have more detail to read

Blended / Flat Simple, opaque

One rate for every transaction regardless of the real interchange cost. Easy to predict — but the margin is baked in and invisible.

One flat rate for everything (e.g. 2.90% + $0.30)
  • Dead simple — one number, easy to forecast
  • Fine for very low volume or tiny tickets
  • You overpay on debit & low-cost cards
  • The processor’s margin is hidden inside the rate
  • Savings from cheaper cards never reach you
Why the model matters

Interchange isn’t one number — it’s a spread

A flat rate has to be priced for the most expensive card you might take. When a customer pays with debit or a standard card, a blended rate keeps the gap. Interchange-Plus passes it back to you.

Interchange by card type

US, effective rate on a typical sale. The dashed line is a 2.90% flat rate — you’d pay near it on every card.
1% 2% 3% 0 Flat rate 2.90% 0.4% 0.8% 1.5% 2.1% 2.4% 2.7% Reg.debit Exemptdebit Standardcredit Rewardscredit Premium/Signature Commercial/Corp.
On a debit-heavy sales mix, a flat 2.90% can be 4–7× the true interchange — the difference is pure margin you never see.

The same $100 sale, two ways

Interchange-Plus itemises every component; Blended is one opaque block priced for the worst case.
Interchange-Plus$2.29
Interchange $1.80
·
$0.35
Blended (flat)$2.90
One flat rate — components hidden
Interchange (network sets) Assessments Processor markup Blended (all-in)
Same transaction, $0.61 apart per $100 — and with Interchange-Plus you can see exactly what each party earns.
Where the fee goes

What interchange actually is

Interchange is the fee your business pays to the customer’s card-issuing bank on every transaction. The networks — Visa, Mastercard, Amex — set the rates, publish them, and update them roughly twice a year. Neither you nor your processor can negotiate them.

1

Customer pays

A card is tapped, dipped or keyed at your checkout.

2

Interchange applies

The network looks up the card type, your industry & how it was accepted, then sets the fee.

3

Assessments added

A small network fee (~0.13–0.15%) is added on top of interchange.

4

Processor markup

Your provider adds its margin — fixed & visible under Interchange-Plus; hidden under Blended.

What drives the interchange rate on any given sale:

Card type (debit vs credit) Rewards / premium tier Consumer vs commercial Merchant category (MCC) Card-present vs online Region card was issued Ticket size Data & security level
Region matters

Consumer interchange: US vs UK vs EU

The EU and UK cap consumer interchange by law — 0.2% on debit, 0.3% on credit. The US does not, so American consumer rates run far higher. Under a blended rate, those regulated savings never reach you.

0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 0 0.80% 1.80% 0.20% 0.30% 0.20% 0.30% United States United Kingdom Europe (EEA)
Consumer debit Consumer credit
Commercial & non-regional cards are not capped in any market — another reason your true rate is a blend, best seen line-by-line.
Reference

Full interchange rate tables

Published network interchange by card program, for the United States, United Kingdom and European Economic Area — the wholesale rates that sit underneath every merchant account.

Card program / categoryRateNotes

Transparent by default

See the wholesale cost — keep the difference

PressPay prices on Interchange-Plus so you always know what goes to the card network and what goes to us. No blended mystery rate, no padded margin on your debit volume.

Talk to a payments specialist →
Questions

Interchange FAQ

Who actually sets interchange rates?
The card networks — Visa, Mastercard and American Express — publish and set interchange. Banks that issue cards receive the fee; merchants pay it. Your processor cannot change these rates, which is why transparent providers pass them through and disclose their own markup separately.
Why is Interchange-Plus usually cheaper than a flat rate?
A flat rate has to be set high enough to cover the most expensive cards a merchant might accept — premium rewards and commercial cards. When customers pay with debit or standard credit cards (far lower interchange), a flat rate keeps the difference. Interchange-Plus passes those savings straight to you and only ever adds a fixed, known margin.
When are interchange rates updated?
Typically twice a year — in April and October. The tables on this page reflect the most recent published schedules; always confirm the effective date shown on each table against the network’s current release.
Do EU and UK caps mean I always pay 0.2% / 0.3%?
Only for consumer debit (0.2%) and consumer credit (0.3%) cards issued within the EEA/UK and used domestically. Commercial and corporate cards are not capped and can run 1.5–2%+, and cards issued outside the region (for example a US card at a European checkout) carry higher inter-regional rates. Your effective cost is a blend of all of these.
How does American Express fit in?
Amex runs a “closed-loop” network — it issues cards and acquires transactions itself, so there is no separate interchange in the Visa/Mastercard sense. For smaller merchants, the OptBlue program lets your acquirer price Amex acceptance within Amex’s published wholesale bands, so it appears on the same statement as your Visa and Mastercard volume. Larger merchants may contract directly with Amex.
What are assessments and dues?
On top of interchange, each network charges a small assessment (roughly 0.13–0.15% in the US, plus minor per-transaction network fees) that funds the network itself. Under Interchange-Plus these are passed through at cost; under blended pricing they’re absorbed into the single rate.

About these rates. Figures are compiled from publicly published network schedules and are provided for general merchant education only — they are not a quote and do not represent PressPay’s pricing. Interchange comprises hundreds of individual categories; the tables above summarise the principal programs, with ranges shown where a program spans multiple merchant categories or spend tiers. Always verify against the current source before relying on a specific rate: Visa USA Interchange Reimbursement Fees · Mastercard US Interchange · American Express OptBlue. US Visa rates effective 18 April 2026; Mastercard US 2026–2027 program. EU rates reflect the EU Interchange Fee Regulation (2015/751); UK rates reflect the retained UK Interchange Fee Regulation.